比尔·盖茨近日在gatesnotes.com发表了一篇博客，陈述他为什么把眼光投向了印度。作为一位博学的IT界翘楚，他对印度的关注值得关注。现翻译并摘录这篇博客的部分内容，期望读者从盖茨的行踪与言行中捕捉到些什么。
我下周就要回印度了。尽管多年来我在那里花了很多时间——从检查厕所到参观印度最贫穷、最缺乏服务的低种姓所在的村庄——但我在大流行前就没去过那里。我迫不及待地想看看在这段时间里取得了多大的进步。
二十多年前，我开始把我的绝大部分资源回馈社会。从一开始，我的目标就是帮助减少我在世界各地看到的可怕的不平等现象。
当我开始这项工作时，我最关注的是全球健康，因为这是世界上最不平等的问题，也是一个可以解决的问题。今天依然如此。但是，随着时间的推移——随着全球变暖带来的灾难性后果越来越明显——很明显，如果不解决气候变化问题，就无法改善世界上最贫困人口的生活。
气候变化与全球健康密不可分。气温升高将加剧粮食不安全，传染病流行，并将资源从最需要资源的人手中转移，从而使减贫工作更加困难。这是一个恶性循环。一个社区越贫穷，就越容易受到气候变化的影响。一个社区受到极端天气事件的影响越大，它就越容易陷入贫困。要打破这个循环，我们需要同时在这两个问题上取得进展。
当我和人们谈论这个问题时，我经常听到同样的回答:“没有足够的时间或金钱同时解决这两个问题。”但这种一次只能解决一件事的想法是错误的。我坚信，只要有正确的创新和传递渠道，让弱势群体受益，我们就有能力一次性在许多重大问题上取得进展——即使是在世界面临多重危机的时候。没有什么比印度取得的显著进步更能证明这一点。
鹰嘴豆是印度的主要作物。它们为许多小农提供了重要的收入来源，全国各地的家庭都依赖它们提供营养。但是鹰嘴豆的收成受到了气候变化的威胁。气温升高可能使产量减少70%，危及生命和生计。
因此，盖茨基金会与印度的公共部门和CGIAR机构联手，支持研究人员的工作。他们发现了一种新的解决方案:产量提高10%以上、更耐旱的鹰嘴豆品种。其中一个品种已经供农民使用，其他品种目前正在研究所开发中。因此，即使在全球变暖的情况下，印度也为继续养活人民和支持农民做好了更好的准备。毫不夸张地说，印度农业的未来正在美国的一块田地里发展。
气候、饥饿和健康等挑战似乎无法克服的原因之一是，我们还没有所有的工具来解决它们。但我乐观地认为，不久的将来，我们就能做到这一点，这在一定程度上要感谢IARI的研究人员等创新者。
整个印度给了我对未来的希望。它即将成为世界上人口最多的国家，这意味着如果不大规模解决问题，你就无法解决那里的大多数问题。然而，印度已经证明它能够应对重大挑战。该国根除了小儿麻痹症，降低了艾滋病毒的传播，减少了贫困，降低了婴儿死亡率，并增加了获得卫生设施和金融服务的机会。
他们是怎么做到的？印度发展了世界领先的创新方法，确保解决方案惠及需要的人。当轮状病毒疫苗(用于预防导致许多致命腹泻的病毒)过于昂贵而无法普及到每个儿童时，印度决定自己制造疫苗。他们与专家和资助者（包括盖茨基金会）合作，建立工厂，并建立大规模的交付渠道来分发疫苗。到2021年，83%的1岁儿童接种了轮状病毒疫苗，这些低成本疫苗现在正在世界其他国家使用。
毫无疑问，今天的挑战将考验这种独创性和合作的极限。印度处于气候变化的前沿。但是，中国在卫生方面取得的进展将使其人民更具复原力，并为如何应对其他重大挑战提供有益的见解。印度的发展速度、推出大规模项目的技能以及印度人民的创新专长意味着，印度可以成为应对当今最大挑战取得进展的关键部分。
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